怎樣進行柴油發(fā)電機組機房的降溫處理
How to cool down the diesel generator room
1、當水源滿足、水溫較低時，電站降溫宜選用水冷式，即以水為冷媒，對柴油發(fā)電機組機房內(nèi)的空氣進行冷卻處理。規(guī)劃水冷電站的條件是，要有滿足的天然水源；如井水、泉水、河水、湖水等或其他能夠運用的水源；水質(zhì)要好，無毒、無味、無至病細菌、對金屬不腐蝕；水中泥沙等無機物和有機物的含量應契合標準要求；水冷要低，柴油發(fā)電機組機房溫度與水冷卻水溫度之差宜大于15攝氏度，不小于10攝氏度。假設水溫高了，則送回風溫差小，送風體系大，必然要加大締造出資及作業(yè)費用。水冷電站與其他冷卻方法比較的長處是，進風量和排風量較小，因此進風管道和排風管道較小；水冷電站受工程外部大氣溫度影響小，不管任何時節(jié)都能確保機房的空氣降溫。其缺點是，用水量大，受水源條件約束，當工程無滿足的低溫水源時，便不能選用這種冷卻方法。
1. When the water source meets the requirements and the water temperature is low, the water cooling type should be selected for the temperature reduction of the power station, that is, water is used as the refrigerant to cool the air in the diesel generator room. The condition for planning the water-cooled power station is to have a natural water source; Such as well water, spring water, river water, lake water, etc. or other available water sources; The water quality is good, non-toxic, tasteless, disease-free bacteria, and non corrosive to metals; The content of inorganic and organic matters such as sediment in the water shall meet the standard requirements; The water cooling shall be low. The difference between the temperature of the diesel generator room and the temperature of the water cooling water shall be greater than 15 ℃ and not less than 10 ℃. Assuming that the water temperature is high, the temperature difference between supply and return air is small, and the air supply system is large, so it is necessary to increase the construction investment and operation cost. Compared with other cooling methods, the advantage of water-cooled power station is that the air inlet and exhaust volume are small, so the air inlet and exhaust ducts are small; The water-cooled power station is less affected by the external atmospheric temperature of the project, and it can ensure the air cooling in the machine room at any time. The disadvantage is that the water consumption is large and constrained by the water source conditions. When the project has no low-temperature water source, this cooling method cannot be selected.
2、當水源較困難或夏日由柴油發(fā)電機組機房外進風的溫度，能滿足柴油發(fā)電機房降溫要求時，宜選用風冷或風冷與蒸騰冷卻相結(jié)合的方法。風冷電站式運用機房外部的低溫空氣(一般應低于機房規(guī)劃要求約5攝氏度)加大進風量，運用進風和排風來掃除機房的余熱。風冷電站不需要大量低溫水源，無冷卻送風體系，機房內(nèi)通風體系簡略，操作方便，進風量和排風量大，機房每小時換氣次數(shù)多，空氣清新，舒服。可是，進風管道和排風管道的風機容量較大。蒸騰冷卻電站只需要少數(shù)的用水，按柴油機功率核算，一般每千瓦不超1.5×1.36kg/h，對水溫無嚴格要求，比風冷電站可削減進風量一半以上，特別適用于水源困難、水溫較高地區(qū)。跟著對蒸騰冷卻的研討實驗作業(yè)的不斷深入，蒸騰冷卻設備在不斷完善。
2. When the water source is difficult or the air temperature outside the diesel generator room in summer can meet the cooling requirements of the diesel generator room, air cooling or a combination of air cooling and transpiration cooling should be used. The air-cooled power station uses the low-temperature air outside the machine room (generally about 5 ℃ lower than the planning requirements of the machine room) to increase the air intake, and uses the air intake and exhaust to remove the waste heat of the machine room. The air-cooled power station does not need a large number of low-temperature water sources, and there is no cooling air supply system. The ventilation system in the machine room is simple, easy to operate, and the air intake and exhaust volume are large. The machine room has many air changes per hour, and the air is fresh and comfortable. However, the fan capacity of air inlet duct and exhaust duct is large. Transpiration cooling power station only needs a small amount of water, which is calculated according to the power of diesel engine, and generally does not exceed 1.5 per kilowatt × 1.36kg/h, without strict requirements on water temperature, which can reduce the air intake by more than half compared with the air-cooled power station. It is especially suitable for areas with difficult water source and high water temperature. With the deepening of the research and experimental work on transpiration cooling, the transpiration cooling equipment is constantly improving.
3、當無滿足水源、進風溫度不能滿足風冷電站的要求時，可規(guī)劃選用人工制冷，自帶冷源的冷風機以除去柴油發(fā)電機組機房余熱。人工制冷體系的締造出資和作業(yè)費用都較高，在冬季或過度時節(jié)，電站應充分運用工程外的冷空氣進行通風降溫，因此風冷一般應是除去電站余熱的首要方法。柴油電站選用自動化機組，完成隔室作后，值班人員一般能夠不進入機房，機房降溫規(guī)劃的高答應溫度能夠按40攝氏度規(guī)劃。3. When there is no water source and the inlet air temperature can not meet the requirements of the air-cooled power station, it can be planned to select the air cooler with manual refrigeration and its own cold source to remove the waste heat in the diesel generator room. The construction investment and operation cost of the artificial refrigeration system are high. In winter or transition season, the power station should make full use of the cold air outside the project for ventilation and cooling. Therefore, air cooling should generally be the primary method to remove the waste heat of the power station. The diesel power station selects automatic units. After the compartment operation is completed, the personnel on duty can generally not enter the machine room, and the high allowable temperature of the machine room cooling plan can be planned as 40 ℃.
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