沼氣天然氣瓦斯發(fā)電機組檢查調整點火提前角
Inspection and adjustment of ignition advance angle of biogas and natural gas generator set
1、點火提前角的定義
1. Definition of ignition advance angle
發(fā)動機實際在活塞到達壓縮沖程上止點前就點火，點火時刻到壓縮沖程上止點時刻之間活塞的位移折算成曲軸轉角，即稱點火提前角。
The engine actually ignites before the piston reaches TDC of the compression stroke. The displacement of the piston between the ignition time and TDC of the compression stroke is converted into the crankshaft angle, which is called the ignition advance angle.
以山東辰龍12V190系列燃氣發(fā)電機組為例，其點火提前角一般為30-42°曲軸轉角，具體數(shù)值根據(jù)隨機說明書、結合燃氣具體成分而定。
Taking Shandong Chenlong 12V190 series gas generator set as an example, its ignition advance angle is generally 30-42 ° crankshaft angle, and the specific value is determined according to the accompanying instructions and the specific composition of the gas.
點火提前角由廠方技術服務人員在燃氣發(fā)電機組安裝調試時設定好，用戶一般不需再調整。但隨著機組使用時間的延長，磁電機驅動器與齒輪箱聯(lián)軸器凹槽磨損，會造成點火提前角略有改變，因此應進行季節(jié)性檢查和調整。另外，在更換磁電機時，也會涉及到點火提前角的檢查和調整。
The ignition advance angle is set by the manufacturer's technical service personnel during the installation and commissioning of the gas generator set, and the user generally does not need to adjust it. However, with the extension of the service time of the unit, the groove of the coupling between the magneto driver and the gearbox will be worn, which will cause a slight change in the ignition advance angle. Therefore, seasonal inspection and adjustment should be carried out. In addition, when the magneto is replaced, the inspection and adjustment of ignition advance angle will also be involved.
建議用戶在機組安裝調試好、正常運行后，實測機組當前點火提前角數(shù)值，記錄備案。
It is recommended that the user measure the current ignition advance angle of the unit after the unit is installed, commissioned and operates normally, and record it for record.
2、測量點火提前角的方法
2. Method of measuring ignition advance angle
測量點火提前角通常有“使用點火正時燈”和“拖動法”兩種。“使用點火正時燈”
There are usually two methods for measuring ignition advance angle: "using ignition timing lamp" and "dragging method". "Use ignition timing light"
的方法簡便易行但測量結果有一定誤差;“拖動法”的測量結果準確度較高。
The method is simple and convenient, but the measurement results have some errors; The measurement result of "drag method" is accurate.
（1）使用點火正時燈
(1) Using the ignition timing light
①接通點火正時燈的12VDC工作電源。
① Turn on the 12VDC working power supply of the ignition timing lamp.
注意:過高的工作電源會將點火正時燈燒壞。
Note: The ignition timing lamp will be burnt out if the working power supply is too high.
②將點火正時燈的接線夾夾住發(fā)動機缸的高壓點火線主電纜部分。
② Clamp the wiring clip of the ignition timing lamp to the main cable of the high-voltage ignition wire of the first cylinder of the engine.
注意:夾前將高壓點火線主電纜外層保護膠皮擼起，否則正時燈感應不到點火信號。
Note: Before clamping, roll up the outer protective rubber of the main cable of the high-voltage ignition wire, otherwise the timing lamp will not sense the ignition signal.
③手持點火正時燈，使燈頭對準飛輪指針尖端處，并指向飛輪刻度盤中心。
③ Hold the ignition timing lamp so that the lamp cap is aligned with the tip of the flywheel pointer and points to the center of the flywheel dial.
④啟動發(fā)動機，使其怠速運行。每當發(fā)動機缸點火時，點火正時燈就發(fā)出亮光。亮光對應的刻度即為當前機組點火刻度。則，當前機組點火提前角=（360°-當前機組點火刻度)。
④ Start the engine and allow it to idle. When the first cylinder of the engine is ignited, the ignition timing lamp will light up. The scale corresponding to the bright light is the ignition scale of the current unit. Then, the ignition advance angle of the current unit=(360 ° - ignition scale of the current unit).
（2）拖動法
(2) Drag method
①在發(fā)動機飛輪刻度320°前后15°范圍內貼上示波器紙(或傳真紙)，按照飛輪原有刻度在示波器紙上做出同樣的刻線。
① Stick oscilloscope paper (or fax paper) within the range of 15 ° before and after 320 ° of the flywheel scale of the engine, and make the same scale on the oscilloscope paper according to the original scale of the flywheel.
注意:應事先在示波器紙(或傳真紙)上做好方向標記，以免將點火提前和滯后混淆。
Note: Make direction marks on oscilloscope paper (or fax paper) in advance to avoid confusion between ignition advance and delay.
②把發(fā)動機缸高壓點火線拔掉，換上專用的加長的導線，使導線一端插入點火線圈輸出端，另一端固定在飛輪指針尖端處，導線的末端距離示波器紙2-4mm。
② Unplug the high voltage ignition wire of the first cylinder of the engine and replace it with a special extended wire. Insert one end of the wire into the output end of the ignition coil and fix the other end at the tip of the flywheel pointer. The end of the wire is 2-4mm from the oscilloscope paper.
③在切斷氣源的條件下，按下“起動”按鈕，使啟動馬達拖動發(fā)動機運轉，此時，導線末端和示波器紙之間放電、出現(xiàn)火花，把示波器紙擊穿。
③ Under the condition of cutting off the air source, press the "Start" button to make the starting motor drive the engine to run. At this time, the end of the wire and the oscilloscope paper will discharge and spark, and the oscilloscope paper will be broken down.
④幾秒后，松開“起動”按鈕，停止啟動馬達，取下示波器紙查看，火花擊穿密集位置對應的刻度即為當前機組點火刻度。則，當前機組點火提前角=(360°-當前機組點火刻度)。
④ After a few seconds, release the "Start" button, stop the starting motor, take down the oscilloscope paper and check. The scale corresponding to the dense spark breakdown position is the ignition scale of the current unit. Then, the ignition advance angle of the current unit=(360 ° - ignition scale of the current unit).

3、設定點火提前角方法
3. Method of setting ignition advance angle
(1)六缸、十二缸燃氣機安裝磁電機、設定點火提前角的方法(以調整機組點火提前角至40°曲軸轉角為例)①盤轉飛輪，至一缸處于壓縮沖程上止點位置的0刻度，再倒回40°，即，指針指示320°。此時，齒輪箱聯(lián)軸器的凹槽傾斜方向確定。
(1) The method of installing magneto and setting ignition advance angle for six cylinder and twelve cylinder gas engines (taking adjusting the ignition advance angle of the unit to 40 ° crankshaft angle as an example) ① Turn the flywheel until one cylinder is at the 0 scale of TDC on the compression stroke, and then turn back 40 °, that is, the pointer indicates 320 °. At this time, the groove inclination direction of the gearbox coupling is determined.
②轉動磁電機的驅動器，使轉軸上旋轉的短紅刻線對準磁電機正面面板上的CCW線。此時一，磁電機驅動器的傾斜方向確定。
② Rotate the driver of the magneto to align the short red scribed line on the rotating shaft with the CCW line on the front panel of the magneto. At this time, the tilt direction of the magneto driver is determined.
③裝上磁電機，此時，發(fā)動機點火提前角近似為40°。
③ When the magneto is installed, the ignition advance angle of the engine is approximately 40 °.
注意:安裝磁電機時應確保其驅動器與齒輪箱的聯(lián)軸器嚙合到位。
Note: When installing the magneto, ensure that its driver is engaged with the coupling of the gearbox.
④用拖動法檢查點火提前角的實際值，調整至需要的數(shù)值。
④ Check the actual value of ignition advance angle by dragging and adjust it to the required value.
⑤十二缸燃氣機磁電機調整位置到極限情況需要調整錐齒輪(倒齒)。方法為:
⑤ The bevel gear (reverse tooth) shall be adjusted when the magneto of the 12 cylinder gas engine reaches the limit. The method is:
a.松開齒輪箱側面觀察蓋上的緊固螺釘，取下觀察蓋。
a. Loosen the fastening screws on the side observation cover of the gearbox, and take down the observation cover.
b.松開連接盤與齒輪箱固定的6個緊固螺釘，將小錐齒輪連同傳動軸一同抽出，使兩個錐齒輪脫離嚙合。
b. Loosen the 6 fastening screws fixed between the connecting plate and the gear box, and pull out the bevel gear and the transmission shaft together to disengage the two bevel gears.
c.轉動小錐齒輪(每倒一個齒點火提前角改變約12°)，使聯(lián)軸器凹槽方向與磁電機連接盤的傾斜方向一致。
c. Turn the bevel gear (the ignition advance angle of each inverted gear changes by about 12 °) to make the coupling groove direction consistent with the tilt direction of the magneto connecting plate.
d.將小錐齒輪裝回原處，使兩個錐齒輪重新嚙合，蓋好觀察蓋。
D. Install the bevel pinion back to its original position, re engage the two bevel gears, and cover the observation cover.
e.裝上磁電機，復查點火時間。
e. Install the magneto and recheck the ignition time.
(2)四缸發(fā)動機安裝磁電機、設定點火提前角的方法(以調整點火提前角至32°為例)。
(2) The method of installing magneto and setting ignition advance angle for four cylinder engine (take adjusting ignition advance angle to 32 ° as an example).
①工作原理
① Working principle
4缸燃氣發(fā)動機(4-190)點火系統(tǒng)由磁塊、感應線圈、磁電機、點火線圈、火花塞構成。點火順序為1-2-4-3。
The ignition system of 4-cylinder gas engine (4-190) consists of magnetic block, induction coil, magneto, ignition coil and spark plug. The ignition sequence is 1-2-4-3.
飛輪上分別在160°、340°位置處鑲嵌有兩個磁塊。在飛輪旁安裝有內側、外側兩個感應線圈。外側感應線圈連接1、4缸，內側感應線圈連接2、3缸。
Two magnetic blocks are embedded on the flywheel at 160 ° and 340 ° respectively. The inner and outer induction coils are installed beside the flywheel. The outer induction coil is connected to cylinders 1 and 4, and the inner induction coil is connected to cylinders 2 and 3.
發(fā)動機工作時，飛輪上的磁塊每當經(jīng)過感應線圈時，獲取一個信號，并把此信號傳遞給磁電機。磁電機按此信號提供的順序發(fā)出點火電能，經(jīng)過點火線圈變壓，由火花塞點火。
When the engine is working, the magnetic block on the flywheel gets a signal whenever it passes through the induction coil and transmits this signal to the magneto. The magneto sends out ignition electric energy in the order provided by this signal, which is transformed by the ignition coil and ignited by the spark plug.
當外側感應線圈次獲取磁塊信號時，1缸點火，旋轉180度后，內側感應線圈獲取磁塊信號，2缸點火。飛輪再旋轉180度后，外側點火線圈獲取磁塊信號，4缸點火，再旋轉180度后，內側感應線圈獲取信號，3缸點火。
When the outer induction coil acquires the magnetic block signal for the first time, cylinder 1 ignites. After rotating 180 degrees, the inner induction coil acquires the magnetic block signal and cylinder 2 ignites. After the flywheel rotates for another 180 degrees, the outer ignition coil acquires the magnetic block signal, and cylinder 4 ignites. After rotating for another 180 degrees, the inner induction coil acquires the signal, and cylinder 3 ignites.
②設定方法
② Setting method
a.盤轉飛輪，至一缸處于壓縮沖程上止點位置的0刻度，再倒回32°，即指針指示328°。
a. Turn the flywheel until cylinder 1 is at the 0 scale of TDC on the compression stroke, and then turn it back 32 °, that is, the pointer indicates 328 °.
b.轉動磁電機連接塑料盤，使傾斜方向與法蘭內轉盤的傾斜方向一致，將磁電機裝好。
b. Rotate the magneto to connect the plastic disk, so that the tilt direction is consistent with the tilt direction of the rotary disk in the flange, and install the magneto.
c.移動兩個感應線圈，對準飛輪上的磁塊，并使兩個感應線圈處于同心直線上，固定感應線圈。此時，發(fā)動機點火提前角近似為32°。
C. Move the two induction coils, align them with the magnetic block on the flywheel, make the two induction coils on a concentric straight line, and fix the induction coils. At this time, the engine ignition advance angle is approximately 32 °.
d.檢查點火提前角的實際值，并調整至需要的數(shù)值。
d. Check the actual value of ignition advance angle and adjust it to the required value.