燃?xì)?蒸汽聯(lián)合循環(huán)發(fā)電機(jī)組是當(dāng)前技術(shù)成熟的潔凈型商業(yè)發(fā)電裝置，目前最先進(jìn)機(jī)組的發(fā)電效率已達(dá)60%。所謂單軸，是指燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)、蒸汽輪機(jī)和發(fā)電機(jī)同在一根軸上。其中，西門子和阿爾斯通（被GE收購)的單軸機(jī)組中蒸汽輪機(jī)和燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)及發(fā)電機(jī)之間設(shè)有連軸器，當(dāng)汽輪機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速小于發(fā)電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速時連軸器將自動脫開;通用電氣和三菱的單軸機(jī)組則是剛性連接的。

Gas steam combined cycle power generation units are currently mature and clean commercial power generation devices, and the power generation efficiency of the most advanced units has reached 60%. The so-called single shaft refers to the gas turbine, steam turbine, and generator being on the same shaft. Among them, Siemens and Alstom (acquired by GE) have a coupling between the steam turbine, gas turbine, and generator in their single shaft units. When the turbine speed is lower than the generator speed, the coupling will automatically disconnect; The single axis units of General Electric and Mitsubishi are rigidly connected.

一拖一

One drag one

即配置一臺燃機(jī)、(一臺燃機(jī)發(fā)電機(jī))、一臺余熱鍋爐和一臺蒸汽輪發(fā)電機(jī)機(jī)組。單軸或多軸。

Configure one gas turbine, one gas turbine generator, one waste heat boiler, and one steam turbine generator unit. Single axis or multi axis.

二拖一

Two drag one

即配置二臺燃機(jī)、二臺燃機(jī)發(fā)電機(jī)、二臺余熱鍋爐和一臺蒸汽輪發(fā)電機(jī)機(jī)組。

Configure two gas turbines, two gas turbine generators, two waste heat boilers, and one steam turbine generator unit.

單循環(huán)燃機(jī)做功，帶動燃機(jī)發(fā)電機(jī)發(fā)電，無余熱鍋爐。聯(lián)合循環(huán)

A single cycle gas turbine does power, drives the gas turbine generator to generate electricity, without a waste heat boiler. combined cycle 

燃機(jī)及發(fā)電機(jī)、余熱鍋爐、蒸汽輪發(fā)電機(jī)組。

Gas turbine and generator, waste heat boiler, steam turbine generator set.

1、聯(lián)合循環(huán)機(jī)組電氣安裝的特點

1. Characteristics of Electrical Installation for Combined Cycle Units

若聯(lián)合循環(huán)機(jī)組采用多軸布置，則燃機(jī)和汽輪機(jī)分別配置一臺發(fā)電機(jī)。也就是說在一套聯(lián)合循環(huán)機(jī)組中要進(jìn)行兩套發(fā)電機(jī)/變壓器的安裝、兩套PT/CT的安裝、兩套出線和封閉母線安裝、兩套發(fā)變組保護(hù)的安裝和調(diào)試。相對應(yīng)的發(fā)電機(jī)附屬設(shè)備和消防設(shè)施等都是雙倍的，安裝工作量遠(yuǎn)大于同樣容量的常規(guī)火電機(jī)組。

If the combined cycle unit adopts a multi shaft layout, the gas turbine and steam turbine are respectively equipped with one generator. That is to say, in a combined cycle unit, two sets of generators/transformers, two sets of PT/CT, two sets of outgoing lines and enclosed busbars, and two sets of generator transformer protection installation and commissioning need to be carried out. The corresponding generator ancillary equipment and fire protection facilities are double, and the installation workload is much greater than that of conventional thermal power units with the same capacity.

SFC啟動方式。聯(lián)合循環(huán)電廠的起動是從燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)開始，燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)是將發(fā)電機(jī)用作電動機(jī)起動的，電網(wǎng)的供電經(jīng)變頻器轉(zhuǎn)變成變頻電源，用來驅(qū)動發(fā)電機(jī)。在起動程序開始之前，循環(huán)水系統(tǒng)、冷卻塔、閉路冷卻水系統(tǒng)和壓縮空氣系統(tǒng)等輔機(jī)系統(tǒng)先投入運行。當(dāng)燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)達(dá)到10%額定轉(zhuǎn)速時(此時稱為點火轉(zhuǎn)速)，供入燃料氣并開始點火，使燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)加速直到燃機(jī)可以維持的轉(zhuǎn)速(此時稱為自持轉(zhuǎn)速)。

SFC startup method. The start-up of a combined cycle power plant starts with a gas turbine, which uses the generator as an electric motor for starting. The power supply from the grid is converted into a variable frequency power supply through a frequency converter to drive the generator. Before starting the program, auxiliary systems such as the circulating water system, cooling tower, closed-loop cooling water system, and compressed air system should be put into operation. When the gas turbine reaches 10% of the rated speed (referred to as ignition speed), fuel gas is supplied and ignition begins, causing the gas turbine to accelerate until it can maintain a speed (referred to as self-sustaining speed).

這時，關(guān)斷供向發(fā)電機(jī)的變頻電源，燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)繼續(xù)加速，直至額定轉(zhuǎn)速。燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)起動后不久，透平的排氣便開始加熱余熱鍋爐。余熱鍋爐沒有燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)的排氣旁通煙囪，也不供應(yīng)輔助蒸汽，所以，整個系統(tǒng)必須同時起動。這就是燃機(jī)的SFC啟動，也就是利用發(fā)電機(jī)作為啟動馬達(dá)，為此，電氣在勵磁系統(tǒng)中需要配備一套大功率的變頻裝置.(在啟動和發(fā)電過程要完成恒流/恒壓轉(zhuǎn)換)

At this point, turn off the variable frequency power supply to the generator, and the gas turbine continues to accelerate until the rated speed is reached. Shortly after the start of the gas turbine, the exhaust of the turbine begins to heat the waste heat boiler. The waste heat boiler does not have a gas turbine exhaust bypass chimney and does not supply auxiliary steam, so the entire system must be started simultaneously. This is the SFC starting of the gas turbine, which uses the generator as the starting motor. Therefore, the electrical system needs to be equipped with a high-power variable frequency device in the excitation system (Complete constant current/constant voltage conversion during startup and power generation)

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This article is provided with assistance from gas generator set accessories. For more related content, please click: http://inyanfang.cn I hope this article can be helpful to you. Thank you for reading!