Jichai generator set is a common emergency power generation equipment. It takes the diesel engine using diesel as fuel as the prime mover to drive the generator to rotate. When there is a temporary power failure and there is an urgent need to use electricity, the diesel generator set comes in handy. So how to choose and buy the emergency diesel generator set as a temporary power generation?

選購應(yīng)急柴油發(fā)電機組方法

Method of purchasing emergency diesel generator set

一、應(yīng)急柴油發(fā)電機組的兩大特點：

1、 Two characteristics of emergency diesel generator set:

第1個特點是作應(yīng)急用，連續(xù)工作的時間不長，一般只需要持續(xù)運行幾小時（≤12H）；

The first feature is that it is used for urgent needs. The continuous working time is not long. Generally, it only needs to run continuously for a few hours (≤ 12h);

第2個特點是作備用，應(yīng)急發(fā)電機組平時處于停機等待狀態(tài)，只有當主用電源全部鼓障斷電后，應(yīng)急柴油發(fā)電機組才起動運行供給緊急用電負荷，當主用電源恢復正常后，隨即切換停機。

The second feature is for standby. The emergency generator set is usually in the shutdown waiting state. Only when all the main power supply is blocked and powered off, the emergency diesel generator set will start operation to supply emergency power load. When the main power supply returns to normal, it will be switched to shutdown immediately.

二、應(yīng)急柴油發(fā)電機組的選購要點：

2、 Purchase points of emergency diesel generator set:

(1)應(yīng)急柴油發(fā)電機發(fā)電機容量的確定：

(1) Determination of emergency diesel generator capacity:

應(yīng)急柴油發(fā)電機組的標定容量為經(jīng)大氣修正后的12h標定容量，其容量應(yīng)能滿足緊急電總計算負荷，并按發(fā)電機容量能滿足一級負荷中單臺大容量電動機起動的要求進行校驗。應(yīng)急發(fā)電機一般選用三相交流同步發(fā)電機，其標定輸出電壓為400V。

The rated capacity of emergency diesel generator set is the 12h rated capacity after atmospheric correction. Its capacity shall meet the total calculated load of emergency power, and shall be verified according to the requirement that the generator capacity can meet the starting requirements of single motor with the largest capacity in class I load. Three phase AC synchronous generator is generally selected for emergency generator, and its rated output voltage is 400V.

(2)應(yīng)急柴油發(fā)電機組臺數(shù)的確定：

(2) Determination of the number of emergency diesel generator sets:

有多臺發(fā)電機組備用時，一般只設(shè)置1臺應(yīng)急柴油發(fā)電機組，從可靠性考慮也可以選用2臺機組并聯(lián)進行供電。供應(yīng)急用的發(fā)電機組臺數(shù)一般不宜超過3臺。當選用多臺機組時，機組應(yīng)盡量選用型號、容量相同，調(diào)壓、調(diào)速特性相近的成套設(shè)備，所用燃油性質(zhì)應(yīng)一致，以便進行維修保養(yǎng)及共用備件。當供應(yīng)急用的發(fā)電機組有2臺時，自起動裝置應(yīng)使2臺機組能互為備用，即市電電源故障停電經(jīng)過延時確認以后，發(fā)出自起動指令，如果第1臺機組連續(xù)3次自起動失敗，應(yīng)發(fā)出報警信號并自動起動第2臺柴油發(fā)電機。

When there are multiple generator sets for standby, generally only one emergency diesel generator set is set. Considering the reliability, two units can also be selected for parallel power supply. Generally, the number of generator units for emergency use should not exceed 3. When multiple units are selected, complete sets of equipment with the same model and capacity and similar pressure regulation and speed regulation characteristics shall be selected as far as possible, and the properties of fuel used shall be consistent for maintenance and sharing of spare parts. When there are two generator sets for emergency use, the self starting device shall enable the two units to be standby for each other, that is, after the power failure of the mains power supply is confirmed, the self starting command shall be issued. If the self starting of the first unit fails for three consecutive times, the alarm signal shall be issued and the second diesel generator shall be started automatically.

選用2臺柴油發(fā)電機組并聯(lián)進行供電

Two diesel generator sets are selected for parallel power supply

(3)應(yīng)急柴油發(fā)電機的選擇：

(3) Selection of emergency diesel generator:

應(yīng)急機組宜選用高速、增壓、油耗低、同容量的柴油發(fā)電機組。高速增壓柴油機單機容量較大，占據(jù)空間??；柴油機選用配電子或液壓調(diào)速裝置，調(diào)速性能較好；發(fā)電機宜選用配無刷勵磁或相復勵裝置的同步電機，進行較可靠，故障率低，維護檢修較方便；當一級負荷中單臺空調(diào)器容量或電動機容量較大時，宜選用三次諧波勵磁的發(fā)電機組；機組裝在附有減震器的共用底盤上；排煙管出口裝上消聲器，以減小噪聲對周圍環(huán)境的影響。

The diesel generator set with high speed, pressurization, low fuel consumption and the same capacity should be selected for the emergency unit. High speed turbocharged diesel engine has large capacity and small space; The diesel engine is equipped with electronic or hydraulic speed regulation device, with good speed regulation performance; The synchronous motor equipped with brushless excitation or phase compound excitation device should be selected for the generator, which has reliable operation, low failure rate and convenient maintenance; When the capacity of a single air conditioner or motor in class I load is large, the generator set with third harmonic excitation should be selected; The machine is assembled on a common chassis with shock absorbers; A muffler is installed at the outlet of the smoke exhaust pipe to reduce the impact of noise on the surrounding environment.

(4)應(yīng)急柴油發(fā)電機組的控制：

(4) Control of emergency diesel generator set:

應(yīng)急柴油發(fā)電機組的控制應(yīng)具有快速自起動及自動投入裝置。當主用電源故障斷電后，應(yīng)急機組應(yīng)能快速自起動并恢復供電，一級負荷的允許斷電時間從十幾秒至幾十秒，應(yīng)根據(jù)具體情況確定。當重要工程的主用電源斷電后，應(yīng)以過3-5S的確定時間，以避開瞬時電壓降低及市電網(wǎng)合閘或備用電源自動投入的時間，然后再發(fā)出起動應(yīng)急發(fā)電機組的指令。從指令發(fā)出、機組開始起動、升速到能帶全負荷需要一段時間。一般大、中型柴油機還需要預(yù)潤滑及暖機過程，使緊急加載時的機油機油壓力、機油溫度、冷卻水溫度符合廠品技術(shù)條件的規(guī)定；預(yù)潤滑及暖機過程可以根據(jù)不同情況預(yù)行。

The control of emergency diesel generator set shall be equipped with fast self starting and automatic input devices. When the main power supply fails to power off, the emergency unit shall be able to quickly start and restore power supply. The allowable power off time of class I load shall be determined according to the specific situation from more than ten seconds to tens of seconds. When the main power supply of important projects is cut off, the time shall be determined after 3-5s to avoid the time of instantaneous voltage reduction and closing of municipal power grid or automatic input of standby power supply, and then the command to start the emergency generator set shall be issued. It will take a period of time from the issuing of the command, the start of the unit, the speed increase to the full load. Generally, large and medium-sized diesel engines also need pre lubrication and warm-up process, so that the oil pressure, oil temperature and cooling water temperature during emergency loading meet the provisions of factory technical conditions; The pre lubrication and warm-up process can be carried out in advance according to different conditions.

在必要的場所應(yīng)有一臺應(yīng)急柴油發(fā)電機用以備用發(fā)電，所以應(yīng)急柴油發(fā)電機的好壞也決定了在關(guān)鍵時刻能夠發(fā)揮多大的用處，我們在挑選應(yīng)急柴油發(fā)電機時 一定要購買合適實際情況的，根據(jù)應(yīng)急柴油發(fā)電機組的特點來選購。

There should be an emergency diesel generator in the necessary place for standby power generation, so the quality of the emergency diesel generator also determines how useful it can be at the critical moment. When selecting the emergency diesel generator, we must buy one suitable for the actual situation and choose it according to the characteristics of the emergency diesel generator set.